of hillard



6. w. HoLT, 1n.

CHURN.

(Application led May 3, 1898.)

Patented Apr'. 25, |899.

lhvrrn Srnrns Prien.

GEORGE IVASIIINGTON HOLT, JR., OF IIILIJARD, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALE TO HENRY II. LAOKS, OF SAME PLACE.

CHURN.

SPEFICATION forming part 40f Letters Patent N0. 623,668, dated April. 25, 1899. Application filed May 3, 1898. Serial No. 679,585. (No model.)

To LZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE WASHINGTON HOLT, .I r., a citizen of the United States, residing at IIillard, in the county of Butler and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Churn, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to churns, and has for its object to provide a simple, compact, and efficient construction and arrangement of dasher-operating mechanism, whereby rotary and reciprocatory movement may be imparted, respectively, to coperating independently-movable dashers.

Further objects and advantages of this invention will appear in the following description, and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective View of a churn mechanism -constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail view in perspective of the dashers, showing portions of the attached stems.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in both figures of the drawings. A

The supporting-frame of the mechanism embodying my invention includes a base or platform 1, from which rises an upright or standard 2, having suitable braces 3, and a horizontal or cross-arm 4, forming one member of a bracket upon which the operating parts of the mechanism are mounted. In the construction illustrated this bracket includes an auxiliary arm 5, also projecting forwardly from the standard parallel with the main arm 4, and a vertical brace 6 connecting said parallel arms. In suitable horizontally-aimed bearing-boxes 7, supported by the main horizontal arm 4, is mounted a main shaft 8, held from axial displacement by means of connected collars 9, interposed between said bearingboXes and secured in place by set-screws 10, and carried by said main shaft is a pinion 11, with which meshes a drivin g-gear 12, mounted upon a stub-shaft 13, projecting rearwardly from the standard, said driving-gear being provided with a crank-handle 14 or the equiv` alent thereof. It will be understood that the means above described for communicating rotary motion to the main shaft are thus adapted for the manual operation of the churn; but any other equivalent connections or means for communicating motion may be substituted to suit the conditions under which the mechanism is driven and the power which may be employed for that purpose. Also carried by the main shaft is a bevel-pinion 15,

' meshing with a similar pinion 16 on the upper end of a rotary dasher-shaft 17, the latter being mounted in suitable vertically-alined bearings 18 on the bracket and being held from axial displacement by means of a collar 19, interposed between the bearings and secured in place by a set-screw 20. This dasher-shaft is constructed at its lower end to couple with a rotary dasher staff or stem 21, and in the construction illnstrated the coupling consists of a threaded stud or extension 22 on the shaft to fit in a threaded socket in the upper end Vof the staff or stem.

The front end of the main shaft 8, beyond the bevel-pinion 15, is of angular construction to receive the detachable sleeve 23 of a crankarm 24, adapted to traverse a path around the shaft 8, said sleeve being held in place by means of a set-screw 25, and fitted for adjustment upon said crank-arm is the sleeve or eye 26 of a wrist-pin 27, said sleeve 26 being secured in place by means of a set-screw 28,whereby the wrist-pin may be arranged at any desired distance from the axis of rotation of the crank-arm to vary the throw of the connected parts. Also mounted for reciprocatory movement upon the main or rotary dasher staff or stem is a tubular auxiliary dasher sta or stem 29, the dashers 30 and 31,whi ch are detachably secured respectively tothe main and auxiliary dasher-staffs, being arranged within the churn tub or receptacle 32, respectively, for rotary and reciprocatory movements and having their concentric stems extended through a central opening in the lid or cover 33 of said receptacle.

Arranged vertically between the auxiliary. arm 5 of the bracket and the base 1 of the churn-frame is a guide-rod 34, and iitted to slide upon this guide-rod is the eye 36 of a spring holding-arm 37, adapted to secure the IOO churn lid or cover in place upon the receptacle. Said holding-arm is preferably of spring metal, such as a rod, with the eye consisting of a terminal coil of said arm, and this eye is held at the desired adjustment upon the guide-rod to cause the holding-arm to exert the necessary downward pressure upon the receptacle lid or cover by frictional contact with the rod. rlhe eye should be adjusted to such a point upon the guide-rod as to arrange the free end of the holding-arm below the plane of the upper surface of the receptacle lid or cover, whereupon the upward straining of the free end of said arm to dispose it upon the upper surface of the lid or cover will cause the eye to tightly clamp the rod and hold the arm in the desired position and exert the desired downward pressure upon the lid or cover. Obviously the downward pressure of the holding-arm may be varied by disposing the eye at different elevations with relation to the plane of the lid or cover.

Disposed transversely or approximately horizontally above the plane of the churn top or cover is a cross-head 38, having an intermediate collar 39 for the reception of the upper end of the tubular auxiliary dasher staff or stem, the latter being secured in place by means of a set-screw 40 and it being obvious that adjustment of the auxiliary dasher-staff in said collar to arrange the auxiliary dasher at the desired interval from the plane of the main or rotary dasher may be attained. The rear end of the cross-head is bifurcated to form a fork or Y 4l, which engages the guiderod and is adapted to slide freely thereon, and the front end of said cross-head is provided with a journal portion 4Q, upon which is mounted the lower end of a pitman or connecting-rod 43, said pitman or connecting-rod having a terminal eye, which is held from displacement with relation to the journal by means of a nut 44, threaded upon the latter. The pitm an or connecting-rod is preferably of extensible construction, the same, as illustrated, being sectional and comprising upper and lower members 43 and 43, of which the upper member is provided with an eye or bearing fitted upon the above-described wristpin 27. One of the members of the pitman or connecting-rod is provided with an eye 45, in which the contiguous end of the other member fits, and is secured at the desired adjustment by means of a set-screw 46. It is obvious that the pitman may be made of any desired length to suit the adjustment of the wrist-pin upon the crank-arm and the crosshead upon the reeiprocatory dasher-staff.

The rotary dasher in the construction illustrated consists of a disk provided with alternately up and down struck ears or blades 47 and 4S, incliuing, respectively, rearwardly and forwardly as they diverge from the plane of the disk, whereby in operation the contents of the churn receptacle are deflected upwardly through the openin gs from which said ears or blades are struck, while the reciprocatory dasher consists of a disk similar to that of the main dasher and alternately up and down struck ears 0r blades 4* and 50, which incline, respectively, forwardly and rearwardly as they diverge from the plane of the disk, (such forward and rearward directions having referenee to the main or lower dasher, whereby any rotatory motion which may be imparted to the contents of the churnreceptacle by reason of the motion of the main dasher will cause the liquid to passupwardly between the blades of the reciprocatory dasher.)

The effect of the respective rotary and reciprocatory movements of the main and auxiliary dashers, such movements being rapid, is to violently agitate the contents of the churn-receptacle, and thus cause a complete separation of the butter with ldie minimum expenditure of time and effort, and as the churn lid or receptacle is tightly held seated upon the receptacle such violent agitation does not cause the liquid to escape from the receptacle.

It will be understood that various changes in the form, proportion, and the minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacriiicing any of the advantages of this invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim isl. In a churn, the combination with respectively rotary and reciprocatory dasher-staves, a main shaft, and means for communicating rotary motion from the main shaft to the rotary dasher-staff, of a crank-arm actuated by the main shaft, a cross-head secured to the reciprocatory dasher-staif, and a pitman connecting a wrist-pin on said crank-arm with the cross-head, substantially as specified.

2. In a churn, the combination with respectively rotary and reeiprocatory dashcr-staves, a main shaft, and means for communicating rotary motion from the main shaft to the rotary dasher-staff, of a crank-arm actuated by the main shaft, a cross-head having a collar in which the auxiliary dashcr-staff is fitted for adjustment, means for securing said dasher--staff at the desired adjustment in the collar, and a pitman connection between a wrist-pin on the crank-arm and the crosshead, substantially as specified.

3. In a churn, the combination with respectively rotary and reciprocatory dasher-staves, a main shaft, and means for communicating rotary motion from the main shaft to the r0- tary dasher-staff, of a crank-arm actuated by the main shaft, a cross-head secured tothe reciprocatory dasher-staff, and an extensible pitman or connecting-rod between a wrist-pin on said crank-arm and the cross-head, said pitman or connecting-rod having relativelyadjustable members, and means for securing the same at the desired extension, substantially as specified.

4. In a churn, the combination with respec- IOO IIO

IZO

tively rotary and reciprocatory dasher-staves, a main shaft, and means for communicating rotary motion from the main shaft to the rotary dasher-staft, of acrank-arm actuated by the main shaft, a Wrist-pin having an eye itted for adjustment upon said crank-arm, provided With a set-screw for securing the same at the desired adjustment, a cross-head hav-V ing a collar in Which the reciprocatory dasherstaff is iitted for adjustment, means for securing said dasher-staff at the desired adj ustment in the collarV of the cross-head, and an extensible pitman connecting the Wrist-pin with the cross-head and having relatively-adj u stable members, and means forsecuring the same at the desired adjustment, substantially as specified.

5. In a churn, the combination With respectively rotary and reciprocatory dashers having concentric staves of which the reciprocatory dasher-staft is tubular, a cross-head having a collar to adjustably receive the tubular dasher-staif and provided with means for securing said staff at the desired adjustment, said= cross-head being provided with a terminal fork or Y, a fixed guide-rod parallel with the dasher-staves, upon which said fork or Y of the cross-head operates, and means for communicating reciprocatory motion to said cross-head, and rotary motion to the stai of the other dasher, substantially as specified. 6. In a churn mechanism, the combination with a supporting-frame, dashers and operating devices, of a receptacle having a removable lid or cover, a guide-rod disposed perpendicular to the plane of the lid. or cover, and a spring holding-arm having an axiallyelongated eye fitted to slide upon said guiderod, and adapted to bite and frictionally engage the same when the free end of the arm is strained in a direction parallel With the rod,

to bear with spring-pressure upon the receptacle lid or cover, substantially as specified.

7. In a churn mechanisnnfthe combination With a supporting-frame, dashers and operating devices, of a receptacle having a removable lid or cover, a guide-rod disposed perpendicular to the plane of the lid 'or cover, and a spring holding-arm having an axiallyelongated eye tted to slide upon said guiderod, and adapted to bite and frictionally engage the same When the free end of the arm 4is strained in a direction parallel With the rod, vto bear with spring-pressure upon the lid or cover, said elongated eye of the holding-arm consisting of a plurality of alined coils integral With the body portion of the arm, substantially as specified.

8. In a churn, the combination With a supporting-frame, of a main shaft and means for communicating rotary motion thereto, a dasher-shaft geared to the main shaft, respectively rotary and reeiprocatory dasher-staves, of `which the former is detachably secured to the dasher-shaft, and the latter is fitted for reciprocatory movement upon the rotary dashersta, a cross-head detachably secured to the auxiliary dasher-staii and fitted to slide upon a fixed guide parallel with the axis of the dasher=staves,a crank-arm detachablysecured to the main shaft and having a radially-adjustable Wrist-pin, and means for securing the same at the desired adjustment, and a pitman connecting said Wrist-pin with the cross-head, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aiixed my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

GEORGE WASHINGTON IIOLT, JR.

Witnesses:

JAY DAVIDSON, IRA` M. DAVIDSON. 

